Web sites, just like buildings, can be designed to meet the needs of all
people, including those with disabilities. Unfortunately,
many (if not most) current web pages and web-based
resources contain major access barriers. This site aspires to be a clearinghouse for
studies involving the collection of accessibility data pertaining to web sites
and online resources in education, particularly in higher
education. Such studies and their findings are
important for several reasons: (1) They provide institutions with a realistic
picture about the accessibility of their web sites. (2) They supply advocates
for a barrier-free online environment with data by which to further their cause.
(3) They enable librarians contemplating the purchase of online resources to
make better informed procurement decisions. (4) To vendors of online products,
they identify product features that need improvement. (5) By providing models
for online accessibility research they are likely to stimulate further research
in this area.
The audience for this resource guide include producers of
online resources, including web designers; college and university
instructors, administrators, and policy makers; distance educators; librarians;
and disability professionals.
If you know of accessibility studies not
referenced on this site, please contact me.
This site has recently undergone a major overhaul. The
intention was to move away from a site primarily serving as a gateway to the
author's own research towards a more comprehensive site functioning as a sort of
clearinghouse for all research in this area. The scope of this site is no
longer confined to survey-like studies of web page accessibility; it now covers
investigations into the accessibility of all web-based resources found in
the educational environment, including online library databases and
courseware.
Axel Schmetzke, "Accessibility of Online Library Information for People
with Disabilities." In Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, ed., Encyclopedia of
Information Science and Technology I-V. 2nd ed. Hershey, PA: Idea Group.
In press. [This is a review article.]
Suzanne L. Byerley, Mary Beth Chambers, and
Mariyam Thohira,"Accessibility of Web-based Library Databases: the
Vendors' Perspectives in 2007."
Library Hi Tech 25. (4)
2007: 509-527.
David Comeaux and Axel
Schmetzke, "Web Accessibility Trends in University Libraries and Library
Schools."
Library Hi Tech. 25 (4)
2007:457-477.
Michael Providenti and Robert Zai III, "Web
Accessibility at Kentucky's Academic Libraries."
Library Hi Tech. 25 (4)
2007:
478-493.
Axel Schmetzke, "Web page accessibility on University of
Wisconsin campuses: 2003 Survey Data and Five-Year Trend
Data." Web Accessibility Survey Site.
April 2, 2003. <http://library.uwsp.edu/aschmetz/Accessible/UW-Campuses/Survey2003/contents2003.htm>.
[Investigates the compliance of campus, library and departmental Web pages with both Section 508
standards and the W3C/WAI guidelines (WCAG); includes 5-year longitudinal
trend data; also includes an overview of accessible web policies at
UW System and individual UW campuses.]
Sarah Blake, "Universal access, the ADA, and
your library web page." Arkansas Libraries. 57 (1), 2000: 19-24.
M. Bray and C. Flowers. Accessibility of Special Education Program Home
Pages. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Technology and
Education. Arlington, Texas: International Conference on Technology and
Education, Inc. (in press).
M. Bray, C. Flowers, & R. Algozzine. Community Colleges World Wide Web Home
Pages: Accessibility and Design. In W. Fowler and J. Hasebrook (eds.),
Proceedings of WebNet 2001-World Conference on the WWW and Internet.
Norfolk, VA: Association of Advancement of Computers in Education, 2001:
107-110.
Marty Bray, "Accessibility of Schools and Colleges of
Education Home Pages for Individuals with Disabilities." ERIC Document
(EDRS), ED 462960, 2001: 1-14.
David Comeaux and Axel
Schmetzke, "Web Accessibility Trends in University Libraries and Library
Schools."
Library Hi Tech. 25 (4)
2007. 457-477.
"Federal Agencies' Web Pages." Chapter Three in Information Technology
and People with Disabilities: the Current State of Federal Accessibility.
U.S. Department of Justice. April 2000; accessed 21. Oct. 2000. <http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/508/report/content.htm>.
C.P. Flowers, M. Bray, S. Furr, and Robert F. Algozzine,
"Accessibility of Counseling Education Programs' Web Sites for Students with
Disabilities. Journal of Technology in Counseling. 2(2) 2002.
Claudia P. Flowers, Marty Bray and Robert F. Algozzine,
"Content Accessibility of Community College Web Sites." Community College
Journal of Research and Practice. 2001, 25: 475-485.
C.P. Flowers, M. Bray and R. Algozzine, "Accessibility of
Schools and Colleges of Education Home Pages for Students with Disabilities."
College Student Journal. 34(4) 2000: 550-556.
Claudia P. Flowers, Marty Bray and Robert F. Algozzine, "Accessibility of Special Education Program Home Pages."
Journal of Special Education Technology. 14 (2), Fall 1999: 21-26.
Sally A. Guthrie, "Making the World Wide Web accessible to all
students." Journal of Mass Communication Educator. 55 (1) Spring
2000: 14-23. [May 1999 data on the accessibility of home pages of 80 colleges of
communications and schools of journalism in the U.S. and Canada].
Charletta F. Gutierrez and Nancy M. Long, "Web Site
Accessibility of AACSB-Accredited Universities: Meeting the Requirements of
the Law(s)." Journal of Educational Technology Systems. 30(1)
2001-2002: 69-84. [Bobby-generated accessibility data of the homepages of
392 universities accredited by the International Association for Management
Education (AACSB)].
D. Michelle Hinn, "Evaluating the Accessibility of
Web-Based Instruction for Students with Disabilities." Proceedings of
Selected Research and Development. Papers presented at the National Convention
of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology [AECT].
(Houston, Texas, February 10-14, 1999), ed. Kristin E. Sparks and Michael
Simonson. ERIC: ED436128.
Marilyn
M. Irwin and Jennifer D. Gerke, "Web-based information and prospective students
with disabilities: A study of liberal arts colleges." EDUCAUSE Quarterly,
27(4), 2004: 51-59. Also available online at
http://www.educause.edu/apps/eq/eqm04/eqm0446.asp.
Emily Jackson-Sanborn, Kerri Odess-Harnish and Nicki Warren, "Website
accessibility: a study of ADA compliance." Technical Reports.TR-2001-05.
30. May 2001. School of Information and Library Science, University of North
Carolina - Chapel Hill. Accessed 26. Feb. 2002. <http://ils.unc.edu/ils/research/reports/accessibility.pdf>.
[A slightly modified version of this report appears in
Emily Jackson-Sanborn, Kerri Odess-Harnish and Nikki Warren, "Web Site Accessibility:
a Study of Six Genres." Library Hi Tech. 20(3) 2002: 308-317.]
Thomas Andrew Jackson, "Web Page Design: A Study of Three Genres."
Master's paper. University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill.
Diane Kester, "Measuring the Sight of Your Web Site." North
Carolina Libraries. 57 (3). Fall 1999: 114-117.
Erica B. Lilly and Connie van Fleet, "Measuring the
accessibility of public library home pages." Reference & User
Services Quarterly. 40 (2), Winter 2000: 156-163.
Erica B. Lilly and Connie van Fleet, "Wired But Not
Connected: Accessibility of Academic Library Home Pages." The Reference
Librarian. No. 67/68. 1999: 5-28. Also included in the "separate"
hardbound monograph edited by Wendi Arant and Pixey Anne Mosley, Library
Outreach, Partnership, and Distance Education: Reference Librarians at the
Gateway. New York: Haworth Information Press, 2000.
National Center for the Dissemination of Disability Research,
"New Review of NIDRR Grantees Web Sites." The Research Exchange.
3(3), 1998: 12-14.
Michael Providenti and Robert Zai III, "Web
Accessibility at Kentucky's Academic Libraries."
Library Hi Tech. 25 (4)
2007: 478-493.
Cyndi Rowland and Tim Smith, "University-Affiliated Programs Face Web
Accessibility Issues." CPD News. 22 (3), 1999: 1-5; accessed 1. Oct.
2001. <http://www.cpd.usu.edu/newsletters>.
Cyndi Rowland & T. Smith, "Web Site
Accessibility." The Power of Independence (Summer Edition), 1-1.
Outreach Division, Center for Persons with Disabilities: Utah State University.
1999. [For a brief summary of the authors' accessibility findings see Cyndi Rowland,
Accessibility of the Internet in Postsecondary Education: Meeting the Challenge.
Universal Web Accessibility Symposium 2000. Web Net World Conference on the WWW
and Internet, San Antonio Texas, 31. Oct. 2000; accessed 26. Sept. 2000. <http://www.webaim.org/articles/meetchallenge>.]
Axel Schmetzke, "Accessibility of Online Library Information for People with
Disabilities." In Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, ed., Encyclopedia of Information
Science and Technology I-V. 2nd ed. Hershey, PA: Idea Group. In press.
[This is a review article.]
Axel
Schmetzke, "Web Accessibility at University Libraries and Library
Schools: 2002 Follow-up Study." In Mary Hricko (ed.), Design and Implementation of Web-Enabled Teaching Tools.
Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing, 2003. Chapter 8: pages 145-189. [Based on data collected in March 2002 and March/April 2000. See references
below.]
Axel Schmetzke, "Web page accessibility at 56 North American campuses: 2002
Survey data on libraries and library schools." Web Accessibility Survey Site. 7
March 2002. <http://library.uwsp.edu/aschmetz/Accessible/nationwide/Survey2002/contents2002.htm>. [Evaluates the accessibility of library and library school
websites on the 56 North American campuses that offer ALA-accredited
programs in library and information science. To the extent possible, it
includes a comparison with the data collected two years ago (see below).
A detailed description of this study and an in-depth discussion of the data
are included in my article "Web Accessibility at
University Libraries and Library Schools: 2002 Follow-up Study"
(see above).]
Axel Schmetzke, "Homepage accessibility at the nation's
community colleges." Web Accessibility Survey Site. Oct. 1991. <http://library.uwsp.edu/aschmetz/Accessible/nationwide/CC_Survey2001/summary_CCC.htm>. [Data collection: December 2000. Data reflect homepage accessibility at 1051 community colleges in the U.S. The
findings were presented at the 2001 Conference for Information Technology
(CIT), sponsored by the League for Innovation in the Community College and
held in Minneapolis, Nov. 14-17.]
Axel Schmetzke, "Web Accessibility at Twenty-four U.S. Universities:
2000 Survey data." May 2000. <http://library.uwsp.edu/aschmetz/Accessible/nationwide/Survey2000/contents2000.htm>.
[For each of the 24 U.S. universities included in this study, three sets of web
pages were evaluated: general campus pages, library pages and the pages of
schools/departments of Library and Information Science. A detailed description of this study and an in-depth discussion of the data
is provided in my article on "Web Accessibility at University
Libraries and Library Schools"--published in Library Hi Tech.
19(1) 2001: 35-49. The same sites were revisited in 2002
(see the author's 2002 and 2003 articles above).]
Tim Spindler, "The Accessibility of Web Pages for Mid-sized
College and University Libraries," Reference & User Services Quarterly.
42(2) 2002: 149-154. [2001 data covering the library website homepages of all
190 colleges and universities with a student population between 5,000 and 10,000
as listed by www.usnews.com.]
Terry Thompson, Sheryl Burgstahler, and Dan Comden, Research on Web
Accessibility in Higher Education. Information Technology and
Disabilities. 9(2) 2003. <http://www.rit.edu/~easi/itd/itdv09n2/thompson.htm>.
B. Walden, C. Rowland and P. Bohman, Year One Report.
Learning Anytime Anywhere for Anyone. Unpublished report to the U.S.
Department of Education, FIPSE/LAAP. 2000. [For a brief summary of the authors'
accessibility findings see Cyndi Rowland, Accessibility of the Internet in
Postsecondary Education: Meeting the Challenge. Universal Web Accessibility
Symposium 2000. Web Net World Conference on the WWW and Internet, San Antonio
Texas, 31. Oct. 2000; accessed 26. Sept. 2000. <http://www.webaim.org/articles/meetchallenge>.]
Holly Yu, "Web Accessibility and the Law: Recommendations
for Implementation." Library Hi Tech. 20(4),
2002: 406-419. (Includes data, collected in July-August 2001, on the
accessibility of campus, library, distance education and disability services
homepages at California Community Colleges.)
M. Bray, C. Flowers, & P. Gibson. "Accessibility of
School Districts' Web Sites: A Descriptive Study." Information Technology in
Childhood Education Annual. 2003(1), 209-221. [Online].
Available at <http://www.aace.org/DL/index.cfm/fuseaction/View/paperID/12651>.
M. Bray, C.P. Flowers, S. Smith, & R. Algozzine. "Accessibility of
elementary schools' web sites for students with disabilities."
Education. 123(4), 2003: 815-830.
M. Bray, D. Pugalee, C.P. Flowers, and R. Algozzine.
Accessibility of middle schools' web sites for students with disabilities.
Middle School Journal. In Press.
M. Bray, C.P. Flowers, and D. Pugalee. Middle School websites:
An accessibility study. In D. A. Willis, J. Price, & N. Davis (Eds.)
Information Technology & Teacher Education Annual: Proceedings of SITE
2003. Norfolk, VA: Association of Advancement of Computers in Education,
in press. Also available at Lessell Martiny (Marty) Bray Homepage: <http://www.lessellbray.net/Presentations/SITE03_MidSchoolAccess_Paper.pdf>.
M. Bray, and C.P. Flowers, C. (2002) School district websites: An
accessibility study. In D. A. Willis, J. Price, & N. Davis (Eds.) Information
Technology & Teacher Education Annual: Proceedings of SITE 2002. Norfolk,
VA: Association of Advancement of Computers in Education, 2002: 365-366. Also
available at Lessell Martiny (Marty) Bray Homepage: <http://www.lessellbray.net/Presentations/AECT02_District_Paper.pdf>.
Dey Alexander, "How Accessible Are Australian University Web Sites?" Ariadne,
No. 38, January 2004. Available at
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue38/web-watch/. [Data collected in 2003.]
Koraljka Golub and Nikolaj Lazić, "Accessibility of public library
Web sites." Libraries in the digital age, Dubrovnik, May 21-26 2002 :
Integrating information seeking and information services - practice and
research. Available at
http://www.it.lth.se/koraljka/Lund/publ/GolubLazicLIDA2002-eng.pdf.
Panayiotis Zaphiris and Giorgos Zacharia, "Website Content
Accessibility of 30,000 Cypriot Web Sites." In Proceedings of the 8th
Panhellenic Conference on Informatics. 8-10 Nov. 2001. Nicosia, Cyprus. Available at
http://pzaphiri.agrino.org/Papers/accessibility-panhellenic_final.pdf.
Sri H. Kurniawan, "How accessible are Web information resources
for students with disabilities?" Computers Helping People with Special Needs.
Proceedings of the 8th International ICCHP Conference, 15.-20. July
2002, Linz, Austria. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2002:
756-757. [Analyzes 120 U.K., U.S., Australian and Canadian web sites that
contain resources for students with disabilities.]
Hitoshi Uchida et al., "Research and Improving Web Accessibility in
Japan." Internet Imaging III : 21-23 January 2002, San Jose, USA. Proceedings
of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering. Vol. 4672, 2002:
46-54. [Table 7 of this paper, which depicts "the results of accessibility for
major Japanese Websites," is reprinted in Cynthia Waddell, "Overview of law and
guidelines." Jim Thatcher et al. (ed.), Accessible Web Sites. Birmingham,
U.K.: Glasshaus, 2002: 49.]
Sylvie Duchateau, Dominique Archambault and Dominique Burger,
"The Accessibility of the World Wide Web for Visually Impaired People." Paper
presented at the 5th European Conference for the Advancement of Assistive
Technology (Assistive Technology on the Threshold of the New Millennium, Düsseldorf, Germany. November 1-4, 1999.
Inova. Université Pierre & Marie Curie. Accessed
27. Feb. 2002. <http://www.snv.jussieu.fr/inova/publi/aaateacces.htm> .
[Used BrailleSurf and DraculaNet to assess accessibility, along with information
provided by blind users, to evaluate a variety of 111 sites "of interest for
French blind and visually impaired users"].
Miquel Térmens Graells, Mireia Ribera Turró, and Andreu Sulé Duesa, "Nivel
de accesibilidad de las sedes web de las universidades españolas."
Revista Española de Documentación Científica. 26 (1) 2003: 19-37. Also
available at
http://bd.ub.es/pub/ribera/materials/acces-univ.pdf.
Miquel Térmens Graells, "La accesibilidad de las webs de las
universidades andaluzas." XII Jornadas Bibliotecarias de Andalucía.
Málaga: Asociación Andaluza de Bibliotecarios, 2002: 213-225. Also available
at
http://bd.ub.es/pub/termens/docs/acces-univ-and.pdf.
Miquel Térmens Graells, Mireia Ribera Turró, and Andreu Sulé [Duesa], "L'accessibilitat
de les webs de les universitats catalanes." Item (Barcelona). No. 31
(May-August) 2002: 53-76. Also available at
http://bd.ub.es/pub/termens/docs/acces-item2.pdf.
J. Craven, "Electronic Access for All: Awareness in
Creating Accessible Web Sites for the University Library." Disability
and Information Systems in Higher Education (DISinHE). 18. Oct. 2000;
accessed 21. Oct. 2000. <
http://www.disinhe.ac.uk/library/article.asp?id=34>.
Brian Kelly, "WebWatch: An Accessibility Analysis Of UK
University Entry Points." Ariadne. Issue 33. Sept. 2002. Accessed Oct.
14, 2002. <
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue33/web-watch/>.
David Sloan, Peter Gregor, Paul Booth and Lorna Gibson,
"Auditing Accessibility of UK Higher Education Web Sites." Interacting with
Computers. 12, 2002: 313-325.
Beaudin, Danielle. A Content Analysis of Disability Access on Government
Websites in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. A Master’s
Paper for the M.S. in L.S. degree. SILS, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill. November, 2001. 63 pages. Accessed 18. Oct. 2005. Available at
http://ils.unc.edu/MSpapers/2722.pdf.
Sri H. Kurniawan, "How accessible are Web information resources
for students with disabilities?" Computers Helping People with Special Needs.
Proceedings of the 8th International ICCHP Conference, 15.-20. July
2002, Linz, Austria. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2002:
756-757. [Analyzes 120 U.K., U.S., Australian and Canadian web sites that
contain resources for students with disabilities.]
Nomensa, "Global audit of web accessibility," November 2006. <http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/documents/fnomensarep.pdf>.
[Study commissioned by the United Nations. Covers Web sites in 20
countries--web sites that people with disabilities may visit as part of
their daily routine.]
Xiaoping Zeng,
Evaluation and Enhancement of Web Content Accessibility for
Persons with Disabilities." Ph.D. Thesis. University of of Pittsburgh, 2004.
Accessed October 17, 2004. <http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-04192004-155229/unrestricted/XiaomingZeng_April2004.pdf>.
[Zeng develops a new measurement metrics called WEB Accessibility Barrier (WAB)
score, which, unlike previous used measures, takes into account the complexity
of web sites. He then applies this evaluation approach to a sample of consumer
health information websites.]
Xiaoming Zeng and Bambang Parmanto, "Web Content Accessibility of
Consumer health Information Web Sites for People with Disabilities: A Cross
Sectional Evaluation." Journal of Medical Internet Research. 6(2)
2004: e19. Accessed October 17, 2004. <http://www.jmir.org/2004/2/e19/>.
"Accessibility Baseline." Web Resources. 2004. University of Arizona.
Accessed 10 March 2004 <http://uaweb.arizona.edu/enable/baseline.shtml>.
[Contains baseline and follow-up study data on the accessibility of departmental
homepages.]
"Findings from a survey of Harvard University web sites." Web
Accessibility Standards. June 2001. Harvard University. Accessed 7. Oct.
2002. <http://webmaster.harvard.edu/accessibility/findings.html>.
[Data collection: June 2000.]
[No longer available at the above URL. A copy archived on April 18, 2003, is
avaiable at
http://web.archive.org/web/20030320150614/webmaster.harvard.edu/accessibility/findings.html].
"Summary results of the accessibility analysis of UW-Madison
department Websites." Accessibility & Technology. Learning Technology
& Distance Education. Division of Information Technology (Do-IT). University
of Wisconsin-Madison. 28.
August, 2000. <
http://wiscinfo.doit.wisc.edu/ltde/access/dept-summary.htm>.
"Survey: Most web sites meet accessibility standards." University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Web Team. 14.
August 2002.
Accessed 7. Oct. 2002. <http://webteam.uthscsa.edu/accessibility.html>.
[Compares data collected in January and July 2002.]
Dan Diaper and Linzy Worman, "Two Falls out of Three in
the Automated Accessibility Assessment of World Wide Web Sites: A-Prompt v.
Bobby." Conference paper presented at the 17th Annual Human-Computer Interaction
Conference (HCI 2003), Bath, UK, Sept. 8-12, 2003. To be published in
P. Johnson and P. Palanque (Eds.), People and Computers XVII. Springer-Verlag,
2003. Available online: Accessed 12. Oct.
2003 <http://dec.bournemouth.ac.uk/staff/ddiaper/hci2003sub.pdf>.
[This article draws heaviliy on Linzy Worman's dissertation, "Can a Tool Judge
Web Page's Accessibility. An Evaluation of Bobby and A-Prompt." Bournemouth
University, Software Engineering Management, 2002.]
Jim Thatcher, Evaluation and Repair - Section 508 (Web). 30 Sept. 2002.
JimThatcher.com. Accessed March 28, 2004. <http://www.jimthatcher.com/erx.htm>.
Suzanne L. Byerley, Mary Beth Chambers, and
Mariyam Thohira,"Accessibility of Web-based Library Databases: the
Vendors' Perspectives in 2007."
Library Hi Tech. 25(4)
2007: 509-527.
Suzanne
Byerley and Mary Beth Chambers, "Accessibility of Web-based Library Databases: the Vendors’
Perspectives." Library Hi Tech. 21(3) 2003: 347-357.
Jenny Craven and Peter Brophy, Non-Visual Access to the Digital Library (NoVA):
the use of the digital library interfaces by blind and visually impaired people.
Manchester, UK: The Council for for Museums, Archives and Libraries, January
2003. Also avaialble at <http://www.cerlim.ac.uk/projects/nova/index.php>.
Accessed 25 Oct. 2004. [Includes in-depth usability testing of a search engine,
a library online catalog, an online directory of Internet resources and a
commercial shopping site.]
Kristie Edwards, Isabel Van Mele, Mieke Verheust and Arthur Spaepen,
"Evaluation of User Interface Design to Optimize Access to Library Databases for
People Who Are Motor Impaired." Information Technology and Libraries.
Dec. 1997: 175-181.
Axel
Schmetzke, "Digitization of Library Information and its Accessibilty for People
with Disabilities." In Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, ed., Encyclopedia of
Information Science and Technology I-V. Hershey, PA: Idea Group, 2005.
Vol. 2: 800-805. [This is a brief review article covering all types of online
resource (incl. Web pages) found in today's libraries as well as campus policy
pertaining to online accessibility. It does not include the more recent 2005
investigation by Stewart, Narendra and Schmetzke (see below).]
Axel Schmetzke, “The Accessibility of
Online Library Resources for People with Print Disabilities: Research and
Strategies for Change.” Computers Helping People with Special Needs.
Proceedings of the 8th International ICCHP Conference, 15.-20. July 2002,
Linz, Austria. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2002: 390-397. [This
is a brief review article covering all types of online resource (incl. Web
pages) found in today's libraries. It does not include the
more recent 2003 investigation by Ron Stewart (see below).]
Axel Schmetzke, (guest) ed., "Accessibility
of Web-Based Information Resources for People with Disabilities"
[Special-theme Issue--Part I]. Library Hi Tech 20 (2) 2002.
The following contributions involve
investigations into the accessibility of online information products:
Robert Axtell and Judith M.
Dixon, "Voyager 2000: a review of accessibility
for persons with visual disabilities." 141-147.
Susan M. Johns,
"Viewing the sunrise: iPac 2.0 accessibility."
148-161.
Vibiana Bowman, "Reading between
the lines: an evaluation of WindowEyes screen reader as a reference tool for
teaching and learning." 162-168.
Suzanne L. Byerley
and Mary Beth Chambers, "Accessibility and
usability of Web-based library databases for non-visual users."
169-178.
Cheryl A. Riley,
"Libraries, aggregator databases, screen readers and clients with
disabilities." 179-187.
Sarah K. McCord,
Linda Frederiksen and Nicole Campbell,
"An accessibility assessment of selected Web-based health information
resources." 188-198.
Jennifer Horwath, "Evaluating
opportunities for expanded information access: a study of the accessibility
of four online databases." 199-206.
Bryna Coonin, "Establishing
accessibility for e-journals: a suggested approach."
207 - 220.
Ron Stewart, "Accessibility of Online Databases. A
Usability Study of Research Databases." Technology
Access Program. 14 January 2003. Oregon State University. Accessed on 14
March 2003. <http://tap.oregonstate.edu/research/ahg.htm>.
[As of March 2003, this is currently the most comprehensive
and most up-to-date published study of its kind. It covers 37 different index/database
vendors. The study was conducted between August and November of 2002. A
similar study by Ron Stewart, Vivek Narendra and Axel Schmetzke, with more
recent data (collected late 2003), has been accepted for publication in Library Hi Tech.]
Ron
Stewart, Vivek Narendra and Axel Schmetzke, "Accessibility and Usability of
Online Library Databases," Library Hi Tech 23(2), 2005: 265-286.
Suzanne L. Byerley, Mary Beth Chambers, and Mariyam
Thohira,"Accessibility of Web-based Library Databases: the Vendors'
Perspectives in 2007." Library Hi Tech. 25(4) 2007: 509-527.
Suzanne Byerley and Mary Beth Chambers, "Accessibility of Web-based Library
Databases: the Vendors’ Perspectives." Library Hi Tech. 21(3) 2003:
347-357.
poor, but doable in a pinch; no alt tags
for scale points
not found
no
Related articles
Susan Mitchell, Anne Ciemnecki, Karen CyBulski, and Jason Markesich.
Removing Barriers to Survey Participation for Persons with Disabilities.
Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. January 2006. Available at
http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1191&context=edicollect.
[See Subsection F.4, pp. 35-37, for a discussion of Section 508 compliance.]
Jean E. Fox, William Mockovak, Sylvia K. Fisher, and Christine Rho.
Usability Issues Associated with Converting Establishment Surveys to Web-Based
Data Collection. Office of Survey Methods Research, Bureau of Labor
Statistics. April 2004). Available at
http://www.bls.gov/ore/pdf/st030320.pdf and at
http://www.fcsm.gov/working-papers/spwp38_2.pdf. [Includes a section
discussing Section 508 requirements--see page 68.]
See the author's Web
Accessibility Resources Page, which, among others, includes
sections on major organizations, design guidelines and tools,
accessibility policy, further publications pertaining to accessible design, and
examples of well
and poorly designed web pages.
Some accessibility data concerning non-educational sites are
provided by UsableNet.
Researched and created by Axel
Schmetzke, Library, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Originally created in Spring 1999; last major revision
and expansion 03/29/03; last updated
04/30/08
. Comments are welcome! aschmetz@uwsp.edu
Latest studies and developments
